Authors: V.Yu. Filin, D.M. Artemyev, M.A. Gusev, A.V. Larionov
Abstract
Testing practice as per the traditional DWTT procedure is discussed in the present article. This test is aimed at the assessment of the ductility of pipe and rolled plate metal by shear/cleavage fracture appearance. There have been some issues observed in test result interpretation for modern high-strength steels intended for thick-walled underwater pipelines and hull plates for ice class Arc ships, especially for TMCP steels. The history and perspective ways to improve the test method are reviewed including the use of a quantitative criterion for DWTT based on technical achievements in the field of test instrumentation. It is shown that attempts to set a certain required DWTT impact energy are methodologically problematic and unreliable as to the range of experimental data. It is suggested that the research should progress simultaneously in two directions: improvement in the applied methodology and development of a more accurate quantitative criterion based on the application of fracture mechanics.
Keywords: drop weight tear test, fracture appearance, quantitative criterion, crack tip opening angle, CTOA.
References
1. API 5L3 Recommended Practice for Conducting Drop-Weight Tear Tests on Line Pipe. 4th edition, August 2014.
2. API 5L Specification for Line Pipe. 45th edition. December 2012.
3. ISO 3183-2012. Petroleum and natural gas industries - Steel pipe for pipeline transportation systems.
4. GOST ISO 3183-2015 Truby stal'nye dlya truboprovodov neftyanoy i gazovoy promyshlennosti. Obshchie tekhnicheskie usloviya [State Standard ISO 3183-2015 Steel pipes for pipelines of petroleum and natural gas industries. General specifications].
5. Holmes B., Priest A.H., Walker E.F. Prediction of Linepipe Fracture Behaviour from Laboratory Tests. Int. J. of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 1983, № 12, pp. 1-27.
6. ASTM E436-03 (2014). Standard Test Method for Drop-Weight Tear Test of Ferritic Steels.
7. TI/VNITI 13 36 83 Impact bend test of large-scale DWTT-type specimens.
8. EN 10274: 1999 Materials with metallic properties. Drop weight tear test.
9. GOST 30456-97 Metalloproduktsiya. Prokat listovoy i truby stal'nye. Metody ispytaniya na udarnyy izgib [State Standard 30456-97 Metal production. Rolled steel and tubes. Methods of blow bending tests].
10. Larionov A.V., Ilyin A.V. Application of DWT-test for determination of resistance to brittle and ductile fracture of hull steels/Proceedings of the 6th International Conference NSN-2011, June 30 - July 1, 2011, St. Petersburg.
11. Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. Rules for the Classification and Construction of Subsea Pipelines, 2017.
12. Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. Rules for the Classification and Construction of Sea-Going Ships, Part XIII - MATERIALS, 2017.
13. Filin V.Yu., Artemiev D.M., Ilyin A.V., Larionov A.V. O problemakh perekhoda k kolichestvennym otsenkam energoemkosti razrusheniya pri ispytaniyakh padayushchim gruzom obraztsov naturnoy tolshchiny /Trudy konferentsii "Testmat-2017" [Difficulties of the transition to quantitative estimation of fracture energy
14. at drop-weight testing of specimens in full thickness /Proc. TESTMAT 2017 conference]. Moscow, VIAM, 20 April 2017, Report № 18.
15. Filin V.Yu., Artemiev D.M., Ilyin A.V., Larionov A.V. O problemakh perekhoda k kolichestvennym otsenkam energoemkosti razrusheniya pri ispytaniyakh padayushchim gruzom obraztsov naturnoy tolshchiny [Difficulties of the transition to quantitative estimation of fracture energy
16. at drop-weight testing of specimens in full thickness]. Aviatsionnye materialy i tekhnologii [Aviation materials and technologies] 2017, № 4.
17. Hasenhutl A., Erdelen-Peppler M., Kalwa C. Understanding inverse fracture – comparison between laboratory BDWT and partial gas test. 3R International. Technical journal for piping system integrity and efficiency. Special 01, 2016, pp. 18-22.
18. Inagaki H., Kurihara K., Kozasu I. Influence of Crystallographic Texture on the Strength and Toughness of the Controlled Rolled High Tensile Strength Steel// Tetsu-to-Hagane, 1979, № 61, 7, pp. 991-1011.
19. Eiber R.J., Maxey W.A. Fracture Propagation Control Methods. Proceedings of Annual Symposium, Society of Flight Test Engineers, 1979, pp. 1-16.
20. Wilkowski G., Shim D-J., Hioe Y., Kalyanam S., Brust F. How new vintage line-pipe steel fracture properties differ from old vintage line-pipe steels. Proc. 9th International Pipeline Conference, Calgary, Canada, September 24-28, 2012 (IPC2012-90518).
21. Ilyin A.V., Artemiev D.M., Filin V.Yu. Modelirovanie MKE rasprostraneniya i tormozheniya khrupkogo razrusheniya v plastinakh s iskhodnoy treshchinoy pri var'irovanii ikh tolshchiny [Finite element modeling of propagation and arrest of brittle fracture in steel plates of different thicknesses with initial crack]. Zavodskaya Laboratoriya. Diagnostika Materialov. 2018 (accepted for print).
22. Larionov A.V., Leonov V.P., Malyshevskiy V.A., Ilyin A.V., Danilov G.I. Determination of DWTT energy for pipeline steels. Proc. “TRUBY-2010” International Science and Application Conference, International Scientific and Technical Conference, Chelyabinsk, Russia, September 13-15, 2010.
23. Saugerud O.T., Fredheim S. Ispytaniya truboprovoda Bovanenkovo-Ukhta na ostanovku lavinnogo razrusheniya: voprosy i uroki [Bovanenkovo-Ukhta Pipeline Fracture Arrest Tests - Lessons Learned, Questions Asked]. Nauka i tekhnika v gazovoy promyshlennosti [Science & Technology in the Gas Industry]. 2009, № 1, pp. 35-41.
24. Knauf G., Demorfonti G. EPRG Approach for Ductile Crack Arrewst in Gas Transmission Pipelines /Science & Technology in the Gas Industry, №1, 2009, pp. 10-16.
25. Hiroyuki Makino, Toshihiko Amano. Demonstration of Crack Arrestability of X100 Line Pipe and Development of Evaluation Technologies for Three-dimensional Fracture Process. Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Technical Report No. 107, February 2015.
26. Taishi Fujishiro, Takuya Hara. Effect on inverse fracture on crack arrestability during DWTT/6th International Pipeline Technology Conference, Ostend, Belgium. 6-9 October 2013.
27. Sang Yong Shin et al. Effects of Notch Shape and Specimen Thickness on Drop-Weight Tear Test Properties of API X70 and X80 Line-Pipe Steels/Metallurgical And Materials Transactions A. Volume 38A, March 2007, pp. 537-551.
28. O’Donoghue P.E., Kanninen M.F., Leung C.P., Demofonti G. The development and validation of a dynamic fracture propagation model for gas transmission pipelines. Int. J. Pressure Vessels and Piping, 1997, № 70, pp. 11-25.
29. Ilyin A.V., Vinogradov O.P., Gusev M.A. Development of Techniques for Determination of the Critical Crack-Tip Opening Angle as a Characteristic of the Extended Failure of Pipeline Metal. Inorganic Materials: Applied Research, 2013, V4, № 6, pp. 554-661.
30. Benamara M., Pluvinage G., Capellea J., Azari Z. Influence Yield Stress on Arrest Pressure in Pipe Predicted by CTOA/21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy.
31. Xu S., Tyson W.R., Eagleson R., McCowan C.N., Drexler E.S., McColskey J.D., Darcis Ph.P. Measurement of CTOA of pipe steels using MDCB and DWTT specimens/ Proceedings of the 8th International Pipeline Conference IPC2010.
32. Torvela N.O. at al. Investigation of the drop weight tear test /Canberra Joint Technical Meeting, 16 March 2007.
About authors:
Filin Vladimir - PhD, NRC Kurchatov Institute - CRISM Prometey, 49, Shpalernaya str., 191015, St. Petersburg, Russia, e mail: npk3@crism.ru
D.M. Artemyev - CRISM Prometey, 49, Shpalernaya str., 191015, St. Petersburg, Russia
M.A. Gusev - CRISM Prometey, 49, Shpalernaya str., 191015, St. Petersburg, Russia
A.V. Larionov - CRISM Prometey, 49, Shpalernaya str., 191015, St. Petersburg, Russia
Issue: 50/51 (2018)
For citation: V.Yu. Filin, D.M. Artemyev, M.A. Gusev, A.V. Larionov. Drop weight tear test for materials of subsea pipelines and "Arc"-steel rolled products. Research Bulletin by Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. 2018, No. 50/51, pp. 41-52.* * *
Fr: 8:30 – 16:15 (msk)